Three ways I can think of for this to have been fulfilled even though we are now 1990+ years down the time line. 1. "Generation" can just as easily be translated "period" thus within this age/period of time this will be fulfilled. 2. The specific of the prophecy can be interrupted as having been fulfilled in AD70 and the actual Lord's latter return fulfillment of a greater prophecy in whole. 3. There are also the considerations of God's eternal perceptions of time (thousand years as a day) (time relativity) (the possibility that time is not sequentially serial but rather sequentially parallel). How deep do you want to go with it?
How often do we say something similar? Had He been here, had He done this, if only He had not delayed, had He made His will known sooner this would not have happened. All that we truly understand is our own pain and or predicament without giving consideration to His omnipresence and sovereignty and glory. Difficult but proper to consider.
Knowing cause and reason and outcome does not eliminate emotion. No doubt moved by His own personal love for this friend, moved by those weeping all around, touched by the sorrow of all mankind, even the universal ageless sense of human dimension, this the shortest verse in the Bible is soaked through with Divine love and devotion.
This seems to be the sense amongst the crowd that something could have been done. Some in a accusing sense, some in a disappointed sense. The focus is on what could have been done and not on what will be done. Imagine what the 12 must have been observing knowing what Jesus had days earlier predicted would happen next.
While Jeroboam was well aware of why God was choosing to divide the nation because of a particular false worship by Solomon kjv@1Kings:11:31-39, it is of interest that he used the occasion to set up a false worship of his own.
We know at the very least that this predestination means that anybody/all that were going to be received into the eternal life to come was going to have to come to it through the adoption of Christ. Whether this means I or you specifically were chosen/singled out beforehand is not suggested by the language here but, may be quiet possible. The later may but a debatable point, not the former. Let us start off by what we know.
It all sounded well and fine at the time. God promises all of this and all they had to do is simply obey. They did not though in that day nor did they in Jeremiah's. No where along the way did they, they could not. This is the nature of sin. Despite all the good intentions from both parties the sin nature will not do that which is in the best interest. It always works against that thinking that it alone is in the right/has it's best interest at heart. It may not always be a conscious decision as well but, more as an impulse of the flesh that is intellectually justified after the fact. The purpose of God's dealings are to prove to us this nature so that the necessity and redemption of His Son's blood may be depended upon.
Quoted is kjv@Jeremiah:31:31-34. Elsewhere in Jeremiah kjv@Jeremiah:24:7 it is written that the heart to know after God will be given by Him and that this will cause us to return to Him with our whole hearts. It is precisely what the Law could not do.
The first reason for the four judgments, this against Damascus for their threshing of their threshing of the Gilead region where the two and a half tribes settled on the other side of the Jordan, Gad Reuben and Manasseh.
Tarshish is estimated to be a far west sea port perhaps in Spain or northern Africa. Though we don't know for certain where it was we know that it couldn't have been farther nor harder for for Jonah to get to. Jonah was going well out of his way in disobeying God.
Another peculiarity we should not let escape our attention is that while there is a division between light and dark strkjv@Genesis:1:3-5 called Night and Day, the actual objects visually determining those observances for earth were not until kjv@Genesis:1:14-19 after even vegetation. Light and darkness till then were from a different source and that source was sufficient for massive plant life. In kjv@Revelation:21:23 we see a similar occurrence in the new earth.