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Mourn @ Frequent references are found in Scripture to, (1.) Mourning for the dead. Abraham mourned for Sarah Genesis:23:2); Jacob for Joseph (37:34-35); the Egyptians for Jacob (50:3-10); Israel for Aaron Numbers:20:29), for Moses Deuteronomy:34:8), and for Samuel ( 1Samuel:25:1); David for Abner ( 2Samuel:3:31-35); Mary and Martha for Lazarus John:11); devout men for Stephen Acts:8:2), etc. (2.) For calamities, Job (1:20-21; 2:8); Israel Exodus:33:4); the Ninevites Jonah:3:5); Israel, when defeated by Benjamin Judges:20:26), etc. (3.) Penitential mourning, by the Israelites on the day of atonement Leviticus:23:27; Acts:27:9); under Samuel's ministry ( 1Samuel:7:6); predicted in Zechariah Zechariah:12:10-11); in many of the psalms (51, etc.). Mourning was expressed, (1) by weeping Genesis:35:8, marg.; Luke:7:38, etc.); (2) by loud lamentation Ruth:1:9; 1Samuel:6:19; 2Samuel:3:31); (3) by the disfigurement of the person, as rending the clothes Genesis:37:29 Genesis:37:34 Matthew:26:65), wearing sackcloth Genesis:37:34; Psalms:35:13), sprinkling dust or ashes on the person ( 2Samuel:13:19; Jeremiah:6:26; Job:2:12), shaving the head and plucking out the hair of the head or beard Leviticus:10:6; Job:1:20), neglect of the person or the removal of ornaments Exodus:33:4; Deuteronomy:21:12-13; 2Samuel:14:2 2Samuel:19:24; Matthew:6:16-17), fasting ( 2Samuel:1:12), covering the upper lip Leviticus:13:45; Micah:3:7), cutting the flesh Jeremiah:16:6-7), and sitting in silence Judges:20:26; 2Samuel:12:16 2Samuel:13:31; Job:1:20). In the later times we find a class of mourners who could be hired to give by their loud lamentation the external tokens of sorrow ( 2Chronicals:35:25; Jeremiah:9:17; Matthew:9:23). The period of mourning for the dead varied. For Jacob it was seventy days Genesis:50:3); for Aaron Numbers:20:29) and Moses Deuteronomy:34:8) thirty days; and for Saul only seven days ( 1Samuel:31:13). In 2Samuel:3:31-35, we have a description of the great mourning for the death of Abner.

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